Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease spread through water and soil contaminated with infected animal urine — particularly relevant during India's monsoon season. Can infect humans (zoonotic). Preventable by vaccine.
This is a medical emergency
See a vet immediately if you notice jaundice (yellow tinge to eyes/skin/gums), sudden kidney or liver symptoms, or fever during or after monsoon season.
Symptoms to Watch For
sudden fever
muscle pain and reluctance to move
vomiting and diarrhoea
excessive thirst and urination
yellowing of eyes and skin (jaundice)
blood in urine
kidney and liver failure in severe cases
Home Management
No effective home treatment. Antibiotics (doxycycline or penicillin) are the treatment — requires prescription. Keep the dog well-hydrated while seeking veterinary care.
Vaccinations That Help
Leptospirosis vaccine (part of some combination vaccines — confirm with vet)
Prevention
Vaccinate annually — especially critical in monsoon-prone areas
Avoid letting dogs drink from puddles, ponds, or floodwater
Avoid areas frequented by rats, especially during monsoon
Wash hands after handling a potentially infected dog — leptospirosis is zoonotic
Wait to see if symptoms resolve on their own when they are worsening
Give human medication without veterinary guidance
Attempt home treatment for a severe or emergency condition
Skip follow-up appointments once the dog seems better
Shop preventive gear
Tick prevention collars, cooling vests, and quality harnesses